
Aktivita na úrovni jednotek
aktivita na úrovni jednotek - Activities that relate to the number of units of output; each additional unit of production requires another activity
aktivita na úrovni jednotek - Activities that relate to the number of units of output; each additional unit of production requires another activity
bodový graf - A simplistic mapping of observed data points, where a line is "visually" drawn to represent the estimated cost function
faktor zdrojů - The concept that activities create the need for resources which will be consumed in the production process
maloobchodní metoda oceňování zásob - An inventory costing technique used by retailers that extrapolates inventory values by applying cost-to-retail percentages...
metoda konkrétní identifikace - Inventory costing method where the actual cost of each unit of merchandise is tracked and used for accounting purposes
metoda váženého průměru - Under the periodic inventory system; inventory cost is based on the average cost of units purchased giving consideration ...
metoda váženého průměru procesního kalkulování nákladů - A process costing technique where all units of production are assigned the same cost; determined by ble...
náhrada - A restoration of an asset, at least partially, to its original condition; such costs may be capitalized by reducing accumulated depreciation
nedokončená výroba - Goods that are in production but not yet complete; an accumulation of monies spent on direct material, direct labor, and applied manufactur...
nedostatečně alokované režijní náklady - Applied overhead is less than the actual amount; usually viewed as a unfavorable outcome, because more has spent than a...
odchylka efektivnosti variabilních režijních nákladů - A variance that reflects the level of efficiency associated with the application of variable overhead to ...
odchylka výdajů variabilních režijních nákladů - A variance that reflects the difference between actual variable overhead and standard variable overhead associa...
postupná metoda alokace nákladů - An allocation process whereby some service department costs may be assigned to other service departments as part of a s...
SG&A - Selling, general, and administrative costs; the period costs of the business
relevantní náklady - Items where future costs and revenues are expected to differ for the alternative decisions under consideration
reziduální zisk - An internal assessment technique that adjusts income for a presumed cost of capital (or other threshold rate of return); operating income -......
SG&A budget - A budget that details anticipated selling, general, and administrative costs
Six Sigma - A trademarked quality management system developed by Motorola; driven by pursuit of statistical results that reflect near perfection in productio...
sledovatelné fixní náklady - Fixed costs that would not exist if the unit under evaluation ceased to exist
standardní náklady - A measure of what costs should be incurred to achieve the observed output
stupňové náklady - A cost function that is fixed over a range, and then increases by a measured step to a new level at the next higher increment of activity
variabilní kalkulování nákladů - A costing method where inventory absorbs direct costs and variable factory overhead; the income statement identifies the contri...
variabilní náklady - A per unit cost that is the same regardless of volume; total variabilní náklady increases with volume increases
závazek ze záruky - A liability that is recorded for the future costs of claims that are anticipated because of product warranty agreements
zdroj - The elements consumed by activities and cost objects
net realizable value (NRV) - (inventory) Estimated selling price in the normal course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal,...
hlavní rozpočet - Also known as the comprehensive budget; an integrated set of articulated budgets relating to numerous operational subcomponents (labor, mater....
metoda nejmenších čtverců - A complex means for separating costs into fixed and variable components, based upon minimizing the variances between all observatio....
metoda váženého průměru - Under the perpetual inventory system; to recompute running average cost with each purchase transaction
metody procesního kalkulování nákladů - A product costing method particularly well suited to situations where production occurs in a continuous process; costs a...
Modified Accelerated Cost Recovery System (MACRS) - A "depreciation" approach common to the tax code; generally permits more rapid "recovery" of asset cost than...
nadměrně přiřazená režie - Applied overhead exceeds the actual amount; usually viewed as a favorable outcome, because less has spent than anticipated for the le...
náklady období - A cost not attributable to the acquisition or manufacture of inventory; expensed as incurred
náklady výrobku - Costs that attach to a product; the summation of direct materials, direct labor, and factory overhead
oportunitní náklady - The cost of a foregone alternative; may include lost revenue
pozemky, budovy a zařízení - Assets with long lives that will be used in an entity's production processes; land, buildings, and equipment
procesní kalkulování nákladů - Process costing is a method to allocate the total costs of production to homogenous units produced via a continuous process that ...
provozní náklady - General expense category for selling and administrative costs
přídělovka materiálu - Form showing what material has been removed from the raw materials stock and put into production
přímé náklady - Product costs that are direct in nature; direct materials and direct labor
sazba přirážky režie - A rate used to apply manufacturing overhead to output; estimated factory overhead for a period divided by the estimated applicati...
smíšené náklady - A cost that has both fixed and variable components
vícestupňový výkaz zisku a ztráty - A complex income statement with sections that segregate cost of goods sold calculations and other components of income and e...
výrobní režie - All costs of manufacturing other than direct materials and direct labor (also called factory overhead)
výrobní rozpočet - A budget that details planned levels of production; takes into account sales and inventory build/decline
ziskové středisko - Business unit that has control over both costs and revenues and is therefore evaluated on the profit outcomes
diskreční fixní náklady - Fixed cost resulting from yearly spending decisions; proper planning can result in avoidance of these costs as necessary (e.g., ad......
fixní náklady - A total cost that is the same regardless of volume; total cost is constant and per unit cost decreases with volume increases
hrubý zisk - A calculated amount corresponding to net sales minus cost of goods sold
investice držené do splatnosti - Investments purchased with intent to hold to maturity; usually investment in debt; accounted for by amortized cost method
investiční středisko - A evaluative unit where managers are accountable for cost and profit outcomes, including consideration of the amount of capital that is d...
kalkulační list zakázky - A document representing a compilation of cost data for a specific job
metoda fifo - FIFO; An inventory cost flow assumption based on the notion that the earliest costs are to be assigned to units sold
metoda hrubého zisku - A technique that purports to estimate inventory and cost of goods sold by applying historic percentage relationships to observable sale.....
metoda lifo - LIFO; An inventory cost flow assumption based on the notion that the most recent costs are to be assigned to units sold
metoda nejvyššího a nejnižšího bodu - A simple means for separating costs into fixed and variable components, based upon the difference between costs at the hig...
metoda zakázkové kalkulace - A costing approach whereby actual labor and material is tracked for each job or product
náklady - The costs incurred in producing revenues
náklady zahrnovatelné do zásob - Product costs that attach to inventory
nepřímé náklady - A cost not easily traced to a specific job; generally categorized as factory or manufacturing overhead
nižší z pořizovací ceny nebo čisté realizovatelné hodnoty - To report inventory at the lower of its cost or net realizable value
odchylka objemu fixní režie - A fixed overhead variance that compares the budgeted fixed overhead to the fixed overhead that is applied to production base...
odchylka výdajů fixní režie - A fixed overhead variance that compares actual fixed overhead to the budgeted fixed overhead
odpisovatelná základna - Cost minus salvage value; the amount of cost that will be allocated to the service life
odpisy - The process used to allocate the cost of a long-lived property to the accounting periods benefited
plán definovaných požitků - A type of pension plan where the benefits are a function of years of service, pay, and age; the ultimate employer cost is not known ...
přímá metoda/alokace nákladů služeb - An allocation process whereby service department costs are assigned directly to productive departments (compare to st......
přímé náklady - A cost easily traced to a specific job; generally direct material and direct labor
přímý materiál - The costs of all materials that are an integral part of a finished product and that have a physical presence that is readily traced to that......
rozpočet přímých mezd - A budget that details expected direct labor needs, along with the related costs of labor
rozpočet výrobní režie - A budget that details the anticipated factory overhead, including calculations related to the allocation of such amounts
systém just in time - Raw materials are received from supplies just as they are needed in the production process
technické zhodnocení pozemků - Includes the cost of parking lots, sidewalks, landscaping, irrigation systems, and similar expenditures that are incurred to bett...
vyčerpání přírodních zdrojů - The process used to allocate the cost of a natural resource asset to the accounting periods benefited
výrobky - Finished goods represent the cost of completed products awaiting sale to a customer
zásada historických cen - The concept that many transactions and events are to be measured and reported at acquisition cost
analýza nákladů, objemu a zisku - (CVP) Analysis focusing on the interplay of pricing, volume, variable and fixed costs, and product mix
kontrolor - The primary person responsible for the cost and managerial accounting functions
nákladové středisko - An area of responsibility under the control of a manager who is responsible for costs incurred within the unit; the unit generally has lit...
nákladové účetnictví - The process by which an organization's cost is collected, assigned, and interpreted
nákladový faktor - The factor that is viewed as causing costs to be incurred within an organization
náklady na prodané zboží - The total cost attributed to units of inventory actually sold during a period
náklady na přeměnu - Cost components needed to change raw materials to finished goods, specifically direct labor and manufacturing overhead
náklady na vyrobené výrobky - The amount of cost attributable to goods reaching the end of production; beginning work in process (wip) + (direct materials, di.....
nositel nákladů - The output for which costing information is to be determined under ABC; can be product or service related, or customer, market, etc.
předpoklad toku nákladů - An assumption about how costs are assigned to inventory in the accounting records
příspěvek na úhradu - Revenues minus all variable expenses, whether related to production or selling and administration (not to be confused with gross profit)...
výkaz zisku a ztráty s příspěvkem na úhradu - An internal report that identifies each segment's controllable elements; the contribution margin, controllable fix...
zpráva o nákladech výroby - A report used in a process costing environment to tabulate the costs incurred within a particular stage/department
kapitálové výdaje - Ordinary and necessary costs incurred to place an item of property, plant, or equipment in its condition for intended use; such amount...
společné fixní náklady - Fixed costs that are incurred to support more than one business unit
vázané fixní náklady - Costs that arise from an organization's commitment to engage in operations; unavoidable elements like depreciation, rent, insurance, p......
ABC/activity based costing - Alternative costing method for strategic management; divides production into activities, defines costs for activities, and alloc...
aktivita na úrovni šarže - Activities that relate to each batch of production; independent of the number of units within that batch
amortizace - The process used to allocate the cost of an intangible asset to the accounting periods benefited
bod zvratu - The level of activity where revenues equal total expenses, producing a zero net income; also the point where the contribution margin is sa...
kalkulace nákladů podle aktivit - (ABC) A costing system for situations where overhead is high and/or a variety of products are produced; costs are traced to ac...
metoda amortizovaných nákladů - The approach mandated for held-to-maturity securities; investments are reported at their cost with any premium or discount amort...
plné náklady - Also known as full costing -- a costing method where inventory absorbs direct costs and variable and fixed factory overhead
skupina nákladů činnosti - The costs assigned to a particular activity
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