Accounting Principles Board (APB)
Accounting Principles Board (APB) - The private sector group charged with developing accounting standards from 1959 to 1973; primary authoritative pronouncement...
accounting
Glossaries
A
Activos
activos - The economic resources owned by an entity; entailing probable future benefits to the entity
accounting
Activos financieros disponibles para la venta
activos financieros disponibles para la venta - Investments in debt that are neither "held-to-maturity" or "trading;" a default category that is accounted for a...
financial reporting
Actualización de Normas Contables (ASU)
Actualización de Normas Contables (ASU) - The official notification issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board of a new or modified accounting rule
financial reporting
American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA)
American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) - (AICPA) an organization whose members are CPAs interested in advancing the accounting profession
accounting
Amortización
Amortización - Process similar to depreciation, usually applied to intangible fixed assets.
finance
accounting
Antigüedad de cuentas por cobrar
antigüedad de cuentas por cobrar - Analysis used to estimate the uncollectible accounts; involves stratification of receivables based upon age
accounting
Anualidad
anualidad - Level streams of payments; with each payment being the same, and occurring at a regular interval
accounting
API (Interfaz de Programación de Aplicaciones)
API (Interfaz de Programación de Aplicaciones) - a set of protocols that allows different software applications to communicate and exchange data seamlessly
technology
integration
+1
Auditores
Auditores - Professional accountants who check the books of account, ask for explanations from the directors and examine the report and accounts, verifying that...
finance
accounting
Auditoría
auditoría - The examination of transactions and systems that underlie an organization's financial statements with the goal or reporting thereon
financial reporting
Balance de comprobación ajustado
balance de comprobación ajustado - A trial balance prepared after adjusting entries have been prepared and posted to the ledger
accounting
Base de acumulación
base de acumulación - The accounting process whereby revenues are measured and recorded as earned, while expenses are recorded as incurred
accounting
Cambios contables
cambios contables - Changes from one acceptable method of accounting to another acceptable method; like straight-line depreciation to a declining balance ap...
accounting
Ciclo contable
ciclo contable - The procedures needed to process transactions through an accounting system; including journalization, posting, adjusting, and preparing fi...
financial reporting
Codificación de Normas Contables (ASC)
Codificación de Normas Contables (ASC) - Research tool deemed to be the primary authoritative source and reference guide on accounting standards
accounting
Contabilidad
contabilidad - A set of concepts and techniques that are used to measure and report financial information about an economic unit
financial reporting
Costeo basado en actividades (ABC)
ABC/activity based costing - Alternative costing method for strategic management; divides production into activities, defines costs for activities, and alloc...
cost accounting
Costeo por absorción
costeo por absorción - Also known as full costing -- a costing method where inventory absorbs direct costs and variable and fixed factory overhead
cost accounting
Cuentas
Cuentas - Financial statements prepared at the end of a period to reflect the profit of loss or the period and financial position at the end of the period.
finance
accounting
Cuentas anuales
Annual accounts - Also known as financial, company or statutory accounts. Businesses must produce an annual set of accounts detailing business finances.
finance
accounting
Cuentas por cobrar
Cuentas por cobrar - Amounts due from customers, also described as a trade debtors.
finance
accounting
Cuentas por pagar
Cuentas por pagar - Amounts due for payment to suppliers of goods or services, also described as trade creditors.
finance
accounting
Devengo
devengo - Expenses and revenues that gradually accumulate throughout an accounting period
accounting
Ecuación contable
ecuación contable - A financial relationship at the heart of the accounting model: Assets = Liabilities + Owners' Equity
financial reporting
accounting fundamentals
Enfoque todo incluido
enfoque todo incluido - A concept of income by which virtually all nonequity-based transactions and events are captured and reported in the income statement...
financial reporting
accounting fundamentals
Estándares alcanzables
estándares alcanzables - A standard that takes into account normal spoilage and inefficiency; intended to allow workers to reach the established benchmarks
accounting
Estatutos sociales
Articles Of Association - Document setting out the relative rights of shareholders in a limited liability company.
finance
accounting
Gastos devengados
gastos devengados - Unpaid expenses that have already been incurred
accounting
Grupo de costos de actividad
grupo de costos de actividad - The costs assigned to a particular activity
cost accounting
Inductor de actividad
inductor de actividad - Event that causes consumption of an activity
accounting
Informe anual y cuentas
Annual report and accounts - Most organisations are required to produce an annual report on their activities and enclose the accounts of the company's performan...
finance
accounting
Ingresos devengados
ingresos devengados - Revenues that have been earned and recorded, but are not as yet collected
accounting
Inteligencia Artificial (IA)
Inteligencia Artificial (IA) - computer systems that can perform tasks typically requiring human intelligence, such as analysis, decision-making, and natural la...
AI
technology
+2
Junta General de Accionistas
Annual general meeting (AGM) - A meeting of the members (shareholders) of a company at which the board of directors lay the company's accounts and report for sh...
finance
accounting
Método de provisión para incobrables
método de provisión para incobrables - A method that estimates uncollectibles as a portion of total receivables and establishes an offsetting contra allowance.....
accounting
Método del costo amortizado
método del costo amortizado - The approach mandated for held-to-maturity securities; investments are reported at their cost with any premium or discount amortiz...
cost accounting
Métodos de depreciación acelerada
métodos de depreciación acelerada - Several alternative depreciation approaches that result in relatively more depreciation in early years of use, and smaller.....
accounting
Período contable
Accounting period - The time frame used for financial reporting, normally months, quarters or years.
finance
accounting
Principio del devengo
Principio del devengo - The effects of transactions and other events are recognised when they occur (and not as cash or its equivalent is received or paid) and ...
finance
accounting
Proceso de ajuste
proceso de ajuste - To analyze account balances and update them at the end of an accounting period to reflect the correct measure of revenues and expenses
accounting
Tasa Anual Equivalente (TAE)
Annual Equivalent Rate (AER) - An interest rate reflecting what you'll actually pay, or earn, on your money after the effects of compounding are taken into acco...
finance
accounting
Tasa Anual Equivalente (TAE)
Annual Percentage Rate (APR) - The rate of interest you agree to pay on money borrowed, and a useful way to compare how much interest you would pay on loans fro...
finance
accounting
Tasa contable de rendimiento
tasa contable de rendimiento - A project evaluation tool that focuses on accounting income rather than cash flows; average annual increase in income by the amou...
financial reporting
B
Actividad a nivel de lote
actividad a nivel de lote - Activities that relate to each batch of production; independent of the number of units within that batch
cost accounting
Balance
balance - A financial statement that presents a firm's assets, liabilities, and owners' equity at a particular point in time
financial reporting
accounting fundamentals
Benchmarking
benchmarking - Measuring products or processes against industry standards, an essential part of total quality management
accounting
Big Data
big data - Electronically warehoused information, capable of being mined and analyzed, containing the “who, what, when, where, and why” of all business activity...
accounting
Bono
Bono - A form of IOU issued by the company, or a government or other institution, offering to pay interest in return for borrowing your money, or to pay you ...
finance
accounting
Bonos por pagar
bonos por pagar - An obligation divided into transferable units requiring the issuer to make periodic interest payments and an eventual repayment of the face a....
accounting
Bootstrapping
Bootstrapping - Building a company without external investment, often relying on personal savings and running with the lowest possible operating costs
finance
accounting
BPA básico
basic EPS - The simplest earnings per share number; earnings available to common shares divided by weighted average shares, without factoring in potential di...
accounting
Business to Business (B2B)
Business to Business (B2B) - (B2B) A system that enables data interchange between companies; sometimes sufficiently robust to permit automatic inventory repleni...
accounting
Comité de presupuesto
comité de presupuesto - A group of senior managers from each business unit charged with leading the budget preparation and review process
financial planning
Conciliación bancaria
conciliación bancaria - A control procedure to establish and verify the correct cash balance via identification of errors, irregularities, and adjustments
accounting
Consejo de administración
Board of directors - A group of people to whom the shareholders have delegated the task of running the day-to-day affairs of the company. They normally define t...
finance
accounting
Cuadro de mando integral
cuadro de mando integral - A set of performance measures that are congruent with assessing improvement in financial, customer, and business process outcomes
financial reporting
Deuda incobrable
Bad debt - The amount owed by a customer who cannot, or will not, pay for goods or services they have had.
finance
accounting
Estado de cuenta bancario
estado de cuenta bancario - The document received from a bank which summarizes deposits and other credits, and checks and other debits to a bank account
accounting
Holgura presupuestaria
holgura presupuestaria - The influence of behavior to "pad" a budget via misstating expected revenues and/or expenses; to create more favorable budget vs. actua...
financial planning
Mejora
mejora - Expenditures that improve or increase the service potential of an asset even beyond its original new condition; such costs may be capitalized by...
cost accounting
accounting fundamentals
Pago adicional
pago adicional - Term used to describe additional monetary consideration that may accompany an exchange transaction
accounting
Presupuesto
presupuesto - A planning tool that outlines the financial plans for an organization; there are various types of presupuestos -- operating, capital, and financia...
financial reporting
financial planning
Presupuesto participativo ascendente
presupuesto participativo ascendente - A budget approach driven by the direct participation of lower-level employees
financial planning
Punto de equilibrio
punto de equilibrio - The level of activity where revenues equal total expenses, producing a zero net income; also the point where the contribution margin is sa...
financial reporting
cost accounting
Tipo de interés bancario
Bank rate - In the UK it is set by the Bank of England, to control the money supply and inflation. Banks usually lend at anything from 2 per cent above tipo de ...
finance
accounting
Tipo de interés base
Base rate - Set by the Bank of England, this is the country's base rate of interest and influences the rate of interest on financial products and services.
finance
accounting
Valor contable
valor contable - Cost minus accumulated depreciation; the net amount at which an asset is reported on the balance sheet
financial reporting
cost accounting
+1
Valor contable por acción
valor contable por acción - Common stockholders' equity divided by common shares outstanding, to indicate stockholders' equity per share
accounting fundamentals
C
Acción preferente acumulativa
acción preferente acumulativa - Preferred stock that is entitled to a periodic dividend, and those dividends must be paid (eventually) before any monies can be ...
accounting
Acción preferente convertible
acción preferente convertible - Preferred stock that can be exchanged for common stock at some preagreed ratio
accounting
Acción preferente rescatable
acción preferente rescatable - Preferred stock that can be repurchased by issuer for a preset price
accounting
Acciones ordinarias
acciones ordinarias - The residual equity interest in a corporation; last in liquidation but usually receiving the full benefits of any corporate growth
accounting fundamentals
Acreedor
Acreedor - A person or firm that has lent your business money or to whom you owe money.
finance
accounting
Acreedores
Acreedores - Suppliers to whom we owe money.
finance
accounting
Actividad a nivel de cliente
actividad a nivel de cliente - Activities that relate to each customer; independent of the volume of goods and services provided to the specific customer
accounting
Activo corriente
Activo corriente - An asset that is expected to be converted into cash within the trading cycle. Contrasting a Fixed asset that is held to use within the busine...
finance
accounting
Activos corrientes
activos corrientes - Assets that will be converted into cash or consumed within one year or the operating cycle, whichever is longer
accounting fundamentals
Análisis costo-volumen-utilidad
análisis costo-volumen-utilidad - (CVP) Analysis focusing on the interplay of pricing, volume, variable and fixed costs, and product mix
cost accounting
Ausencias retribuidas
ausencias retribuidas - Term to describe paid time off; vacations, sick leave, etc.
accounting
Base de efectivo
base de efectivo - An accounting approach where revenue is recorded when cash is received (no matter when "earned"), and expenses are recognized when paid (no m...
accounting
Bono con cupón
bono con cupón - A bond that has detachable coupons that are exchanged for interest payments; historically popular but falling into disuse
accounting
Bono convertible
bono convertible - A bond that may be converted by the holder into stock of the issuing company
accounting
Bono rescatable
bono rescatable - A bond that provides the issuer an option to reacquire the bonds before scheduled maturity at a preset price
accounting
Cambio en estimación contable
cambio en estimación contable - A revision of assumptions used in a related accounting calculation (e.g., change in estimated useful life of an asset); handl......
accounting fundamentals
Capital
Capital - Anything invested into a company that has a tangible value or benefit to its own, such as a machinery, patents, or financial assets like cash.
finance
accounting
Capital empleado
Capital employed - Sometimes called total assets less current liabilities or total shareholders' funds plus long-term finance (the two calculations provide the ...
finance
accounting
Capital social
capital social - A non-specific reference to the ownership interests of shareholders in a corporation
accounting
Centro de costos
centro de costos - An area of responsibility under the control of a manager who is responsible for costs incurred within the unit; the unit generally has little...
cost accounting
Certified Financial Manager (CFM)
Certified Financial Manager (CFM) - (CFM) a professional designation of competency in the field of financial management that is issued by the Institute of Manag...
financial reporting
Certified Management Accountant (CMA)
Certified Management Accountant (CMA) - (CMA) a professional designation of competency in the field of management accounting that is issued by the Institute of ...
accounting
Certified Public Accountant (CPA)
certified public accountant (cpa) - An individual who is licensed by a state to practice public accounting
accounting
Chartered Global Management Accountant (CGMA)
Chartered Global Management Accountant (CGMA) - (CGMA) sponsors a designation that distinguishes professionals who have advanced proficiency in finance, operati...
accounting
Comparabilidad
comparabilidad - An enhancing quality of accounting such that even though different companies may use different accounting methods, there is still sufficient .....
accounting
Compromisos
compromisos - Promises to engage in some future action; not necessarily creating a recordable accounting liability but potentially necessitating enhanced dis...
accounting fundamentals
Consignación
consignación - To place inventory in the custody of another party without requiring them to purchase it, as a sales agent
accounting
Consistencia
consistencia - An enhancing quality of accounting such that deviations in outcomes from period to period should be the result of deviations in underlying perf.....
accounting
Consolidación
consolidación - To prepare financial reports for a parent and subsidiary company as a single economic unit
financial reporting
Contabilidad de costos
contabilidad de costos - The process by which an organization's cost is collected, assigned, and interpreted
cost accounting
Controlador
controlador - The primary person responsible for the cost and managerial accounting functions
cost accounting
Corporación
corporación - A form of business organization where ownership is represented by divisible units called shares of stock
accounting
Costo de conversión
costo de conversión - Cost components needed to change raw materials to finished goods, specifically direct labor and manufacturing overhead
cost accounting
Costo de producción
Cost of production - Similar to cost of goods sold and used mostly in academic accounts.
finance
accounting
Costo de productos fabricados
costo de productos fabricados - The amount of cost attributable to goods reaching the end of production; beginning work in process (wip) + (direct materials, di...
cost accounting
Costo de ventas
Cost Of Sales - See 'cost of goods sold'.
finance
accounting
Costo de ventas
costo de ventas - The total cost attributed to units of inventory actually sold during a period
cost accounting
Costo fijo comprometido
costo fijo comprometido - Costs that arise from an organization's commitment to engage in operations; unavoidable elements like depreciation, rent, insurance, p...
cost accounting
taxation
Costos fijos comunes
costos fijos comunes - Fixed costs that are incurred to support more than one business unit
cost accounting
CPA
CPA - An individual who is licensed by a state to practice public accounting
accounting
Crédito (condiciones comerciales)
Credit (Terms Of Business) - The supplier agrees to allow the customer to make payment some time after the delivery of the goods or services. Typical trader cre...
finance
accounting
Cuenta de activo compensadora
cuenta de activo compensadora - An account that is subtracted from a related account -- contra accounts have opposite debit/credit rules
accounting
Cuenta de control
cuenta de control - The total of all subcomponent account records for an account; e.g., the sum of all individual accounts receivable
accounting
Decisión de inversión
decisión de inversión - Also known as capital budgeting; planning and decision making related to longer term projects and expenditures
financial planning
Descuento por pronto pago
descuento por pronto pago - A reduction in invoice price offered to customers to encourage prompt payment of invoices
accounting
Efectivo
efectivo - Items acceptable to a bank for deposit and free from restrictions for satisfying current debts; includes coins, currency, bank deposits, etc.
accounting
Enfoque operativo corriente
enfoque operativo corriente - A concept of income where income is limited to transactions related to central ongoing operations; not an acceptable approach fo.....
financial reporting
Equivalentes de efectivo
equivalentes de efectivo - Short-term interest-earning financial instruments that are deemed to be highly secure and will convert back into cash within 90 days
financial reporting
Estado de resultados por margen de contribución
estado de resultados por margen de contribución - An internal report that identifies each segment's controllable elements; the contribution margin, controllable...
cost accounting
Estructura de capital compleja
estructura de capital compleja - Companies with options, warrants, or convertible bonds and stocks that may result in the issuance of additional shares
accounting
Exigido (capital social)
Exigido (capital social) - The company has called upon the shareholders who first bought the shares, to pay for their shares.
finance
accounting
Flujo de efectivo
Cash flow - the movement of money into and out of a business. Understanding and managing flujo de efectivo is critical for business survival and growth
finance
accounting
+2
Garantía
Garantía - Security, usually for a loan. It is effected by enabling the giver of the loan the right to seize the asset that is being used as garantía and sell ....
finance
accounting
Gasto de capital
Gasto de capital - Spending on non-current (fixed) assets of a business.
finance
accounting
Gastos de capital
gastos de capital - Ordinary and necessary costs incurred to place an item of property, plant, or equipment in its condition for intended use; such amount...
cost accounting
accounting fundamentals
Gastos de capital (CAPEX)
Capital expenditure (CAPEX) - Funds used by the company to buy, maintain or improve its fixed assets such as buildings, vehicles, equipment, or land.
finance
accounting
Generador de costos
generador de costos - The factor that is viewed as causing costs to be incurred within an organization
cost accounting
Gravamen sobre activos
Charge over assets - Used when all or some of the assets of an organisation have been used as collateral to secure a transaction of some kind (usually the borro...
finance
accounting
Haber
haber - The nature of an action to an account to indicate an increase (liabilities, equity, and revenue) or decrease (assets, expenses, and dividends); usua...
accounting fundamentals
Impuesto sobre sociedades
Corporation tax - Paid by UK companies on their profits.
finance
accounting
Inflación de costos
Cost-push inflation - Cost-push inflation occurs when production input costs, such as wages and raw materials, rise and producers pass the increased costs on to...
finance
accounting
Informe de costos de producción
informe de costos de producción - A report used in a process costing environment to tabulate the costs incurred within a particular stage/department
cost accounting
Interés compuesto
interés compuesto - Interest calculations that provide for periodic inclusion of accumulated interest into the base on which interest is calculated; "interes......
accounting
Ley de Sociedades
Ley de Sociedades - Legislation to control the activities and administration of limited liability companies.
finance
accounting
Margen de contribución
margen de contribución - Revenues minus all variable expenses, whether related to production or selling and administration (not to be confused with gross profit...
cost accounting
Nota de crédito
Nota de crédito - A document summarising the reduction in charge on an invoice (bill), usually because the customer has returned defective goods or has received...
finance
accounting
Nota de crédito
nota de crédito - A seller-prepared document evidencing an approved return of merchandise for credit against an account
accounting
Objeto de costo
objeto de costo - The output for which costing information is to be determined under ABC; can be product or service related, or customer, market, etc.
cost accounting
Pasivo corriente
Pasivo corriente - A liability which is expected to be settled in the entity's normal operating cycle, generally within 12 months after the balance sheet date.
finance
accounting
Pasivos contingentes
pasivos contingentes - Events that may or may not give rise to an actual liability because the outcome is uncertain; examples include lawsuits, environment...
accounting fundamentals
Pasivos corrientes
pasivos corrientes - Obligations that will be liquidated within one year or the operating cycle, whichever is longer
accounting
Plan de cuentas
plan de cuentas - A listing of the accounts of an entity, along with any identification coding
accounting
Presupuesto continuo
presupuesto continuo - A budget that is constantly updated; as one month/quarter is completed another is added to the set the projections
financial planning
Presupuesto de efectivo
presupuesto de efectivo - An essential budget component detailing planned cash receipts, disbursements, and financing actions
financial planning
Proceso de cierre
proceso de cierre - The process by which temporary accounts are "zeroed" out and the effects transferred to retained earnings
accounting
Proyecciones de flujo de efectivo
Proyecciones de flujo de efectivo - Statements of cash expected to flow into and out of a business over a particular period.
finance
accounting
Prudencia
prudencia - A general principle of accounting measurement; when in doubt, understate assets and income and overstate liabilities
financial reporting
accounting fundamentals
Razón corriente
razón corriente - A measure of liquidity, calculated by dividing current assets by current liabilities
accounting fundamentals
Resultado integral
resultado integral - Net income plus items of other resultado integral (e.g., market value adjustments of available for sale securities)
financial reporting
Saldo compensatorio
saldo compensatorio - An amount that must be left on deposit and cannot be withdrawn
accounting
Supuesto de flujo de costos
supuesto de flujo de costos - An assumption about how costs are assigned to inventory in the accounting records
cost accounting
Sustancia comercial
sustancia comercial - The quality of an exchange transaction such that it changes the future cash flow potential of the entity
accounting
Toma de decisiones centralizada
toma de decisiones centralizada - A business style where top leaders make and direct most important decisions
accounting
Utilización de capacidad
utilización de capacidad - The degree to which an organization's output capabilities are being deployed or utilized
accounting
Venta a crédito
Venta a crédito - A business entity sells goods or services and allows the customer to make payment at a later date.
finance
accounting
D
Agotamiento
agotamiento - The process used to allocate the cost of a natural resource asset to the accounting periods benefited
cost accounting
accounting fundamentals
Base de datos
base de datos - An information storehouse, usually electronic, that can be queried to extract data meeting certain parameters. Enables singular data entry and m...
accounting
Base depreciable
base depreciable - Cost minus salvage value; the amount of cost that will be allocated to the service life
cost accounting
Beneficio por acción diluido
diluted EPS - An earnings per share number; adjusted to reflect the potential effect of dilutive securities
accounting
Costos directos
costos directos - A cost easily traced to a specific job; generally direct material and direct labor
cost accounting
Costos fijos discrecionales
costos fijos discrecionales - Fixed cost resulting from yearly spending decisions; proper planning can result in avoidance of these costs as necessary (e.g., ad...
cost accounting
financial planning
Debe
Debe - Entries in the debit column of a ledger account representing increases in assets or expenses, or decreases in liabilities or income.
finance
accounting
Debe
debe - The nature of an action to an account to indicate an increase (assets, expenses, and dividends) or decrease (liabilities, equity, and revenue); usual...
accounting fundamentals
Depósitos en tránsito
depósitos en tránsito - Receipts entered on company records but not yet posted by the bank
accounting
Depreciación
depreciación - The process used to allocate the cost of a long-lived property to the accounting periods benefited
cost accounting
Depreciación de saldo doblemente decreciente
depreciación de saldo doblemente decreciente - An accelerated depreciation method by which a constant rate (that is 200% of the straight-line rate) is multiplie...
accounting
Derivados
derivados - Investments accounted for a fair value that generally derive their value from some other item; examples include commodity futures, options, and...
accounting
Descuento en bonos
descuento en bonos - The difference between face value and issue price of a bond, where the issue price is less; causes the effective yield to be higher than .....
accounting
Deudor
Deudor - A person or firm that owes money to your business.
finance
accounting
Deudores
Deudores - The amount outstanding on customers' accounts.
finance
accounting
Director
Director - A member of the board of directors who bears the responsibility of managing the company on behalf of the shareholders.
finance
accounting
Director(es)
Director(S) - Person(s) appointed by shareholders of a limited liability company to manage the affairs of the company.
finance
accounting
Dividendo
Dividendo - Money paid by a company from its profits to its shareholders.
finance
accounting
Dividendos
dividendos - Amounts paid from profits of a corporation to shareholders as a return on their investment in the stock of the entity
accounting
Dividendos atrasados
dividendos atrasados - An omitted dividend on cumulative preferred stock that must eventually be paid before any monies can be distributed to common stockhol...
accounting
Impago de un pagaré
impago de un pagaré - To fail to pay a note at maturity
accounting
Impuestos diferidos
Impuestos diferidos - Income & expenditure may be recognised at different time for accounting and tax purposes. Deferred tax is a way to balance this timing dif...
finance
accounting
Inflación de demanda
Demand-pull inflation - Occurs when demand is high, and suppliers increase prices until demand reduces.
finance
accounting
Ingresos diferidos
Ingresos diferidos - Income invoiced, or paid for, in advance of providing the service resulting in the income being deferred to a later accounting period, to w...
finance
accounting
Mano de obra directa
mano de obra directa - Gross wages paid to those who physically and directly work on the goods being produced
accounting
Material directo
material directo - The costs of all materials that are an integral part of a finished product and that have a physical presence that is readily traced to that.....
cost accounting
Método de castigo directo
método de castigo directo - A simple, non-GAAP, method that expenses uncollectible accounts only as they are determined to be uncollectible and are written off
accounting
Método de depreciación de saldo decreciente
método de depreciación de saldo decreciente - An accelerated depreciation method by which a constant rate (that is a multiple of the straight-line rate) is mult...
accounting
Método directo
método directo - The preferred method for preparing the statement of cash flows; operating cash flows are presented according to their direct source (e.g., ...
financial reporting
Método directo/Asignación de costos de servicios
método directo/asignación de costos de servicios - An allocation process whereby service department costs are assigned directly to productive departments (compa...
cost accounting
Nota de débito
nota de débito - A purchaser-prepared document evidencing a return of merchandise to a seller
accounting
Obligación no garantizada
obligación no garantizada - A bond that lacks specific collateral; payment is only assured by the general faith and creditworthiness of the issuer
accounting
Operaciones discontinuadas
operaciones discontinuadas - The special income statement reporting of the impact of disposing or abandoning of a component of a business
financial reporting
Panel de control
panel de control - Customized business software that delivers key real time business data in an easily monitored layout
accounting
Plan de aportaciones definidas
plan de aportaciones definidas - A type of pension plan where the benefits are based on amounts in trust for the benefit of the employee; employer contributions...
accounting
Plan de beneficios definidos
plan de beneficios definidos - A type of pension plan where the benefits are a function of years of service, pay, and age; the ultimate employer cost is not kno...
cost accounting
Presupuesto de compras de materiales directos
presupuesto de compras de materiales directos - A budget that details expected direct material purchases, along with the related cash payments
financial planning
Presupuesto de mano de obra directa
presupuesto de mano de obra directa - A budget that details expected direct labor needs, along with the related costs of labor
cost accounting
financial planning
Ratio de pago de dividendos
ratio de pago de dividendos - Dividend per share divided by earnings per share
accounting
Retiros
Retiros - Cash taken for personal use, in sole trader or partnership businesses, treated as a reduction of ownership interest.
finance
accounting
Tarjeta de débito
tarjeta de débito - Transactions are equivalent to an electronically generated check that results in an almost immediate withdrawal of funds.
accounting
Tasa de dividendo
tasa de dividendo - Dividend per share divided by stock price; also called dividend yield
accounting
Toma de decisiones descentralizada
toma de decisiones descentralizada - A business style where top leaders concentrates on strategy, and leaves day-to-day operation and decision-making tasks to l...
accounting
Valores dilutivos
valores dilutivos - Options, warrants, convertible bonds, convertible stocks, and other items that have the potential to increase the number of shares outs...
accounting
Variación de eficiencia de mano de obra directa
variación de eficiencia de mano de obra directa - A variance comparing standard hours of direct labor to the actual hours worked; measured at the standard rate ...
accounting
Variación de tasa de mano de obra directa
variación de tasa de mano de obra directa - A variance that reveals the difference between the standard rate and actual rate for the actual labor hours worked [...
accounting
E
Actividad de sostenimiento de la entidad
actividad de sostenimiento de la entidad - Activities that relate to an entity's ability to operate; independent of business volume
accounting
Amortización por interés efectivo
amortización por interés efectivo - A theoretically preferable method for amortizing premiums and discounts on bonds; interest expense is a constant percentage....
accounting
Beneficio por acción
Earnings per share - EPS; generally understood as the amount of income for each share of stock, but is actually better refined as basic and diluted EPS (see ...
financial reporting
Beneficio por acción (BPA)
Earnings per share (EPS) - A measure of how much profit a company is making for its shareholders.
finance
accounting
EBIT
EBIT - An analyst's calculation to reflect "earnings before interest and taxes"
taxation
EBITDA
EBITDA - An analyst's calculation to reflect "earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization"
taxation
Economías de escala
economías de escala - Efficiencies associated with increases in volume
accounting
Empleado
empleado - A person who works for a specific business and whose activities are directed by that business
accounting
Entidad, entidades
Entidad, entidades - Something that exists independently, such as a business which exists independently of the owner.
finance
accounting
Ex-dividendo
ex-dividendo - The event (date) when a transfer of stock ownership between shareholders will occur without the right for the purchaser to receive any previous.....
accounting
Ganancia
Ganancia - A phrase that is often interchangeable with profits.
finance
accounting
Ganancias
ganancias - A concept that relates to income from continuing operations plus/minus discontinued operations
financial reporting
Gasto
Gasto - Generally the running costs of a business.
finance
accounting
Gastos
gastos - The costs incurred in producing revenues
cost accounting
Gravamen
gravamen - A budgetary restriction occurring in advance of a related expenditure
financial planning
Método de participación
método de participación - Method to account for stock investment when significant influence is present; changes in equity of the investee are recognized by the ...
accounting fundamentals
Paquetes de recursos empresariales
Paquetes de recursos empresariales - (ERP) Comprehensive database software that tracks an almost endless array of business and accounting data
accounting
Patrimonio neto
Patrimonio neto - Used by analysts to determine the financial health of a company. It also represents what would be left if all of a businesses' assets were liq...
finance
accounting
Sistema ERP
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system - a comprehensive software platform that integrates and manages core business processes across an entire organization
ERP
software
+2
Supuesto de entidad económica
supuesto de entidad económica - Accounting information should be presented for circumscribed distinct economic units
accounting
Transacción de intercambio
transacción de intercambio - Trading one asset for another; to be booked at fair value if the transaction has commercial substance
accounting fundamentals
Unidades equivalentes
unidades equivalentes - A measure of physical units expressed in terms of finished units
accounting
F
Actividades de financiación
actividades de financiación - A cash flow category; including receipts from stock issues, bonds, notes and loans, -- and payments for loan repayment, acquisitio...
accounting
Activo fijo
Activo fijo - An asset that is held by an enterprise for use in the production or supply of goods or services, for rental to others, or for administrative purpo...
finance
accounting
Activos fijos
Fixed assets - Assets that you intend to keep for longer than twelve months.
finance
accounting
Arrendamiento financiero
arrendamiento financiero - A lease that effectively transfers the risks and rewards of ownership to the lessee
accounting
Contabilidad a valor razonable
contabilidad a valor razonable - Sometimes called "mark-to-market;" to record an investment at its fair value and recognize changes in value as they occur
accounting
Contabilidad financiera
contabilidad financiera - An area of accounting that deals with external reporting to parties outside the firm; usually based on standardized rules and procedur...
accounting
Costo fijo
costo fijo - A total cost that is the same regardless of volume; total cost is constant and per unit cost decreases with volume increases
cost accounting
Costos fijos
Fixed costs - Costs that vary over time rather than in proportion to throughput, e.g. Rent of premises, salaries etc.
finance
accounting
Ejercicio fiscal
ejercicio fiscal - A one-year accounting period that does not correspond to a calendar year
accounting
Estados financieros
estados financieros - Core financial reports that are prepared to represent the financial position and results of operations of a company
financial reporting
F.O.B. destino
F.O.B. destination - Free on Board destination; meaning the transfer of ownership of inventory will occur when the goods reach their destination and the sell...
accounting
F.O.B. punto de embarque
F.O.B. shipping point - Free on Board shipping point; meaning the transfer of ownership of inventory will occur when the goods are shipped and the purchaser ...
accounting
FICA
FICA - Federal Insurance Contributions Act (also known as social security and Medicare); establishes a tax that employers must withhold and match for governm...
taxation
Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB)
Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) - An organization charged with producing standards for financial reporting in the USA
financial reporting
Form 1099
Form 1099 - A form required to be issued to an independent contractor reporting amounts paid; to assist with tax compliance issues (this form used to report ...
taxation
auditing
FUTA
FUTA - Federal Unemployment Tax levied on employer to provide funds for unemployed workers; rate is dependent on existence of SUTA and employer history of la...
taxation
Gestión financiera
Financial management - Planning, analysing, monitoring, organising, reviewing, and controlling a company's finances.
finance
accounting
Método PEPS (primeras entradas, primeras salidas)
método peps (primeras entradas, primeras salidas) - FIFO; An inventory cost flow assumption based on the notion that the earliest costs are to be assigned to un...
cost accounting
Presupuesto de costos indirectos de fabricación
presupuesto de costos indirectos de fabricación - A budget that details the anticipated factory overhead, including calculations related to the allocation of su...
cost accounting
financial planning
Presupuesto flexible
presupuesto flexible - A budget that covers a range of potential outcomes by relating expense levels to the potential revenues
financial planning
Principio de revelación completa
principio de revelación completa - All relevant facts that would influence investors' and creditors' judgments about the company are disclosed in the financial ...
financial reporting
Productos terminados
productos terminados - Finished goods represent the cost of completed products awaiting sale to a customer
cost accounting
Pronóstico
Pronóstico - Pronóstico estimate of future performance and position based on stated assumptions and usually including a quantified amount.
finance
accounting
Representación fiel
representación fiel - A fundamental quality of accounting such that information must be truthful; complete, neutral, and free from error
accounting
Valor futuro
valor futuro - Or "compound interest;" amount that a current payment (or stream of payments) will grow in time; includes interest on previous interest based ...
accounting
Variación de gastos de costos indirectos fijos
variación de gastos de costos indirectos fijos - A fixed overhead variance that compares actual fixed overhead to the budgeted fixed overhead
cost accounting
financial planning
Variación de volumen de costos indirectos fijos
variación de volumen de costos indirectos fijos - A fixed overhead variance that compares the budgeted fixed overhead to the fixed overhead that is applied to p...
cost accounting
financial planning
G
Apalancamiento
Apalancamiento - The proportion of borrowings to total financing (i.e. shareholders' funds plus total borrowing).
finance
accounting
Base de empresa en funcionamiento
Base de empresa en funcionamiento - Financial statements are prepared on this basis assuming that the business will continue operating into the foreseeable futu...
finance
accounting
Bruto
Bruto - The total amount of money a company has earned in a period of time before deductions such as taxes.
finance
accounting
GAAP
GAAP - Generally accepted accounting principles -- encompass the rules, practices, and procedures that define the proper execution of accounting
accounting
Libro mayor
libro mayor - A record of the accounts comprising financial statements, and their respective balances
financial reporting
Mercancía disponible para la venta
mercancía disponible para la venta - A calculated amount corresponding to the beginning inventory plus net purchases; represents the total pool of inventory ava...
accounting
Mercancías en tránsito
mercancías en tránsito - Goods in the process of being transported to the buyer; ownership is based on freight terms
accounting
Método bruto
método bruto - A method of recording purchases of inventory at invoice price
accounting
Método de utilidad bruta
método de utilidad bruta - A technique that purports to estimate inventory and cost of goods sold by applying historic percentage relationships to observable sa...
cost accounting
Plusvalía
plusvalía - The excess of the purchase price of an acquired company over the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired
accounting fundamentals
Principio de empresa en funcionamiento
principio de empresa en funcionamiento - In the absence of evidence to the contrary, accountants assume that a business will continue to operate well into the f...
accounting
Salario bruto
salario bruto - Also known as gross earnings; this it is the total amount earned by an employee before any deductions
taxation
Utilidad bruta
utilidad bruta - A calculated amount corresponding to net sales minus cost of goods sold
cost accounting
Utilidad bruta (o margen)
Utilidad bruta (o margen) - Sales minus cost of sales before deducting administration and selling expenses (see also gross margin).
finance
accounting
H
Inversiones mantenidas hasta el vencimiento
inversiones mantenidas hasta el vencimiento - Investments purchased with intent to hold to maturity; usually investment in debt; accounted for by amortized cost...
cost accounting
Método alto-bajo
método alto-bajo - A simple means for separating costs into fixed and variable components, based upon the difference between costs at the highest and lowest o.....
cost accounting
Principio de costo histórico
principio de costo histórico - The concept that many transactions and events are to be measured and reported at acquisition cost
cost accounting
I
Actividades de inversión
actividades de inversión - A cash flow category; including receipts from disposal of investments and long-term assets -- and payments to acquire long-term asset...
accounting fundamentals
Activo fijo intangible
Activo fijo intangible - An asset, such as a right, that cannot be touched (e.g. a trademark or Goodwill).
finance
accounting
Activo intangible
activo intangible - Long-term asset that lacks physical existence; contract rights, copyrights, patents, trademarks, etc.
accounting fundamentals
Asignación intraperiódica de impuestos
asignación intraperiódica de impuestos - Separately reported items like discontinued operations, prior period adjustments, and other comprehensive income, are t...
financial reporting
taxation
Auditor interno
auditor interno - A person within an organization who reviews and monitors the controls, procedures, and information of the organization
accounting
Centro de inversión
centro de inversión - A evaluative unit where managers are accountable for cost and profit outcomes, including consideration of the amount of capital that is d....
cost accounting
Contratista independiente
contratista independiente - One who performs a designated task or service for a company, and the company has the right to control or direct only the result of t...
accounting
Costo inventariable
costo inventariable - Product costs that attach to inventory
cost accounting
Costos indirectos
costos indirectos - A cost not easily traced to a specific job; generally categorized as factory or manufacturing overhead
cost accounting
Deterioro
deterioro - When the carrying amount of an asset is not recoverable from its future cash flow
accounting fundamentals
Empresa participada
empresa participada - The company in which another has an investment
accounting
Estado de resultados
estado de resultados - A financial statement that summarizes the revenues, expenses, and results of operations for a specified period of time
financial reporting
Estándares ideales
estándares ideales - A standard that could only be achieved under perfect operating conditions; such standards are rarely expected to be achieved
accounting
Factoraje
Invoice factoring - When a business sells its invoices to a third party, which will then add their own fee to the charges and seek the money from the debtor.
finance
accounting
Factura
Factura - A document from supplier to buyer summarising goods or services supplied and the price payable.
finance
accounting
Impuestos sobre la renta
impuestos sobre la renta - Taxes that are based on the amount income; for employees such amounts must be withheld by employers and remitted to the government
financial reporting
taxation
Inflación
Inflación - A percentage figure that represents how much prices of goods and services increased over a specific period.
finance
accounting
Insolvencia
Insolvencia - When a company becomes unable to pay off its creditors, or its liabilities exceed its assets.
finance
accounting
Institute of Management Accountants (IMA)
Institute of Management Accountants (IMA) - (IMA) a professional association for management accountants that sponsors the CMA and CFM designations
accounting
Integración
Integración - connecting different software systems to work together and share data seamlessly
technology
software
+2
Interés
interés - The charge imposed on the borrower of funds for the use of money
accounting
International Accounting Standards Board
International Accounting Standards Board - An organization charged with producing accounting standards with global acceptance
accounting
Inventario
inventario - Goods held for resale to others
accounting
Método indirecto
método indirecto - An alternative method for preparing the statement of cash flows; operating cash flows are presented as a reconciliation of income to cash...
financial reporting
Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera (NIIF)
Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera (NIIF) - The specific accounting rules developed by the International Accounting Standards Board
accounting
Oferta pública inicial
oferta pública inicial - The first time stock in a corporation is offered to the investing public; registration and other requirements must be met; proceeds...
accounting
Precio de emisión
precio de emisión - The amount a company receives in exchange for the initial issue of debt or other financial instrument
financial reporting
Precio de factura
precio de factura - List price less any trade discounts
accounting
Presupuesto incremental
presupuesto incremental - A budgeting approach where the prior year experience sets a base line for a new budget; changes are made based on new information but....
financial planning
Resumen de ingresos
resumen de ingresos - A non-financial statement account used only to facilitate the closing process by summarizing and zeroing-out the revenue and expense accou...
financial reporting
Tasa interna de retorno
tasa interna de retorno - Also known as time-adjusted rate of return or IRR; discount rate causing present value of cash inflows to equal present value of th...
accounting
J
Bono basura
bono basura - A bond that is issued by a company of low credit worthiness, and entails substantial risk of nonpayment; generally offers a high interest rate to....
accounting
Diario
diario - A chronological listing of the transactions and events of an organization, in debit/credit format
accounting
Hoja de costos de trabajo
hoja de costos de trabajo - A document representing a compilation of cost data for a specific job
cost accounting
Inventario justo a tiempo
inventario justo a tiempo - Raw materials are received from supplies just as they are needed in the production process
cost accounting
Método de costeo por órdenes de trabajo
método de costeo por órdenes de trabajo - A costing approach whereby actual labor and material is tracked for each job or product
cost accounting
Registrar en el diario
registrar en el diario - The process of recording transactions and events into the journal
accounting
K
Indicador clave de rendimiento (KPI)
KPI (Key Performance Indicator) - measurable values that demonstrate how effectively a company is achieving key business objectives
metrics
performance
+2
Kaizen
Kaizen - Japanese term used to describe a blitz like approach to study processes and install efficiency within an organization
accounting
Kanban
Kanban - Japanese term which means some form of signal that a particular inventory is ready for replenishment
accounting
L
Activo líquido
Liquid asset - An asset that can be easily converted into cash.
finance
accounting
Arrendador
arrendador - Periodic payment from the user (lessee) of an asset to an owner (arrendador) of the asset
accounting fundamentals
Arrendamiento
Arrendamiento - Acquiring the use of an asset through a rental agreement.
finance
accounting
Arrendamiento/Arrendatario y Arrendador
arrendamiento/arrendatario y arrendador - Periodic payment from the user (lessee) of an asset to an owner (lessor) of the asset
accounting fundamentals
Arrendatario
arrendatario - Periodic payment from the user (arrendatario) of an asset to an owner (lessor) of the asset
accounting fundamentals
Capital legal
capital legal - Usually the par value of the stock of a corporation
accounting
Compra global
compra global - A single price paid for a package of assets; the purchase price must be allocated to each of the components
accounting fundamentals
Inversiones a largo plazo
inversiones a largo plazo - Investments made for long-term holding purposes; including land for speculation, securities of other companies, etc.
accounting
Liquidez
liquidez - The ability of a firm to meet its near-term obligations as they come due
accounting
Manufactura esbelta
manufactura esbelta - Indicative of an environment where waste has been trimmed; entails a focus on standardization, speed, and quality, without compromising .....
accounting
Mejoras en terrenos
mejoras en terrenos - Includes the cost of parking lots, sidewalks, landscaping, irrigation systems, and similar expenditures that are incurred to better land
cost accounting
Menor valor entre costo y valor neto realizable
menor valor entre costo y valor neto realizable - To report inventory at the lower of its cost or net realizable value
cost accounting
Método UEPS (últimas entradas, primeras salidas)
método ueps (últimas entradas, primeras salidas) - LIFO; An inventory cost flow assumption based on the notion that the most recent costs are to be assigned to ...
cost accounting
Pasivos
pasivos - Amounts owed by an entity to others
accounting
Pasivos a largo plazo
pasivos a largo plazo - Any obligation that is not current, and include bank loans, mortgage notes, and the like
accounting
Precio de lista
precio de lista - An established price determined by reference to a catalog or general price list; before any discounts
accounting
Responsabilidad limitada
Responsabilidad limitada - Most commonly used to describe the limit of liability of a shareholder (member) to contribute to the assets of a company if it goes i...
finance
accounting
Sociedad de responsabilidad limitada
Sociedad de responsabilidad limitada - Company where the liability of the owners is limited to the amount of capital they have agreed to contribute.
finance
accounting
M
Actividad a nivel de mercado
actividad a nivel de mercado - Activities that relate to the number of markets in which an entity operates; independent of the number of products, customers, et...
accounting
Base de caja modificada
base de caja modificada - Like the cash basis, except that certain large expenditures for durable assets may be recorded as assets initially
accounting fundamentals
Capitalización de mercado
Capitalización de mercado - The stock-market value of a company. It is calculated by multiplying the total number of issued ordinary shares by today's price per...
finance
accounting
Compra por parte de la gerencia (MBO)
Management buyout (MBO) - The management of a company buy that company, or part of it, from its owners.
finance
accounting
Contabilidad de gestión
contabilidad de gestión - An area of accounting concerned with reporting results to managers and others who are internal to an organization
accounting
Costos indirectos de fabricación
costos indirectos de fabricación - All costs of manufacturing other than direct materials and direct labor (also called factory overhead)
cost accounting
Costos mixtos
costos mixtos - A cost that has both fixed and variable components
cost accounting
Estado de resultados de pasos múltiples
estado de resultados de pasos múltiples - A complex income statement with sections that segregate cost of goods sold calculations and other components of income...
financial reporting
cost accounting
Fecha de vencimiento
fecha de vencimiento - The date on which a note and related interest are due to be paid
accounting
Gestión por excepción
gestión por excepción - A management focus of attention on areas where corrective measures appear necessary
accounting
Importancia relativa
importancia relativa - A matter of accounting judgment; when amounts involved are slight, expediency may dictate waiving the technically correct alternative in ...
accounting
Librador
librador - The party creating the note and agreeing to make payment
accounting
Machine to Machine
Machine to Machine - (M2M) enables connected devices to communicate with each other
accounting
Margen
Margen - The amount of money a company makes, expressed as a percentage. For example, a gross profit of £1m on sales of £10m is a 10% profit margen.
finance
accounting
Memorándum
Memorandum (For A Company) - Document setting out main objects of the company and its powers to act.
finance
accounting
Método de mínimos cuadrados
método de mínimos cuadrados - A complex means for separating costs into fixed and variable components, based upon minimizing the variances between all observati...
cost accounting
Método de promedio móvil
método de promedio móvil - Under the perpetual inventory system; to recompute running average cost with each purchase transaction
cost accounting
Modified Accelerated Cost Recovery System (MACRS)
Modified Accelerated Cost Recovery System (MACRS) - A "depreciation" approach common to the tax code; generally permits more rapid "recovery" of asset cost than...
cost accounting
accounting fundamentals
+1
Orden de requisición de materiales
orden de requisición de materiales - Form showing what material has been removed from the raw materials stock and put into production
cost accounting
Presupuesto maestro
presupuesto maestro - Also known as the comprehensive budget; an integrated set of articulated budgets relating to numerous operational subcomponents (labor, ma...
cost accounting
financial planning
Principio de asociación
principio de asociación - To associate expenses with revenues, and record them in simultaneous accounting periods
accounting
Supuesto de unidad monetaria
supuesto de unidad monetaria - Accounting measures transactions and events in units of money, in contrast to some other unit of measure (e.g., acres of land)
accounting
Valor al vencimiento
valor al vencimiento - The amount due at maturity of a note; includes principal and interest
accounting
Variación en cantidad de materiales
variación en cantidad de materiales - A variance comparing standard quantity to actual quantity of materials; variation is measured at the standard price per un...
accounting
Variación en precio de materiales
variación en precio de materiales - A variance that reveals the difference between standard price for materials purchased and amounts actually paid for those ma...
accounting
N
Activos netos
Activos netos - Assets minus liabilities (equals ownership interest).
finance
accounting
Año comercial natural
año comercial natural - Applicable to certain businesses that have a seasonal business pattern, and an attempt is made to establish an accounting fiscal year......
accounting
Beneficio neto
Beneficio neto - Sales minus cost of sales minus all administrative and selling costs.
finance
accounting
Bono no redimible
bono no redimible - A bond that cannot be paid off before scheduled maturity
accounting
Bono no reembolsable
bono no reembolsable - A bond that cannot be paid off with the proceeds of a new debt issue
accounting
Cheque sin fondos
NSF check - Non-sufficient funds check; a customer check returned for lack of funds (a "hot check")
accounting
Cuentas nominales
cuentas nominales - Accounts that will be reset to a zero balance with each new accounting period; revenue, expense, and dividend accounts (also called "tempo.....
accounting
Cuentas por cobrar no comerciales
cuentas por cobrar no comerciales - Amounts due from transactions and events not directly related to sales of products or services
accounting
Documentos por cobrar
documentos por cobrar - A written promise from a client or customer to pay a definite amount of money on a specific future date
accounting
Documentos por pagar
documentos por pagar - Formal short-term borrowings usually evidenced by a specific written promise to pay
accounting
Método neto
método neto - A method of recording purchases of inventory at invoice price less available cash discounts
accounting
Neto
Neto - The amount of profit left after deductions such as tax have been made.
finance
accounting
Patrimonio negativo
Negative equity - When the value of an asset is less than what you initially paid.
finance
accounting
Pérdida neta
pérdida neta - The excess of expenses over revenues for a designated period of time
accounting
Recursos naturales
recursos naturales - Oil and gas reserves, mineral deposits, thermal energy sources, and standing timber are just a few examples of such assets that a firm ma.....
accounting fundamentals
Salario neto
salario neto - Also known as net earnings; this is the gross pay less all applicable deductions ("take home pay")
taxation
Tasa de interés nominal
Nominal interest rate - An interest rate that isn't adjusted for inflation.
finance
accounting
Utilidad neta
utilidad neta - Income from continuing operations plus/minus discontinued operations, but before items of “other comprehensive income”
financial reporting
Valor actual neto
valor actual neto - Or NPV, a method of evaluating capital projects that uses a predetermined interest rate to determine the present value of an investment's...
accounting
Valor contable neto
Valor contable neto - Costs of non-current (fixed)( asset minus accumulated depreciation.
finance
accounting
Valor neto realizable
net realizable value (NRV) - (inventory) Estimated selling price in the normal course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal,...
cost accounting
Valor neto realizable (cuentas por cobrar)
valor neto realizable (cuentas por cobrar) - The amount of cash expected to be collected on outstanding accounts receivable; accounts receivable minus the allow...
accounting
Valor nominal (de una acción)
Nominal Value (Of A Share) - The amount stated on the face of a share certificate as the named value of the share when issued.
finance
accounting
O
Acciones ordinarias
Acciones ordinarias - Shares in a company which entitle the holder to a share of the dividend declared and a share in net assets on closing down the business.
finance
accounting
Actividades de operación
actividades de operación - A cash flow category; generally related to transactions that enter into the determination of income -- items that are not investing o...
financial reporting
Anualidad ordinaria
anualidad ordinaria - Also known as an annuity in arrears; involves a level stream of payments, with the payments being made at the end of each time period
accounting
Arrendamiento operativo
arrendamiento operativo - A lease where the lessee makes periodic payments for periodic use of an asset, but does not assume the ultimate risks and rewards of o...
accounting fundamentals
Cheques pendientes
cheques pendientes - Checks entered on company records but not yet cleared by the bank
accounting
Ciclo operativo
ciclo operativo - The period of time it takes to convert cash back into cash (i.e., purchase inventory, sell the inventory on account, and collect the receiv...
accounting
Costo de oportunidad
costo de oportunidad - The cost of a foregone alternative; may include lost revenue
cost accounting
Costos indirectos
Costos indirectos - Costs that do not change regardless of the level of production and are not typically involved with the cost of production, such as rent.
finance
accounting
Costos indirectos sobreaplicados
costos indirectos sobreaplicados - Applied overhead exceeds the actual amount; usually viewed as a favorable outcome, because less has spent than anticipated fo...
cost accounting
Externalización
externalización - Utilization of independent parties to manufacture products (sometimes known as make-or-buy) or manage data processing, tech support, payroll s...
accounting
Gastos operativos
gastos operativos - General expense category for selling and administrative costs
cost accounting
Gastos operativos (OPEX)
Operating expenditure (OPEX) - On-going costs for running a business, service or system that includes day-to-day expenditure.
finance
accounting
Inversiones del propietario
inversiones del propietario - Resources provided to an organization by a person in exchange for a position of ownership in the organization
accounting
Otro resultado integral
otro resultado integral - An account for changes in value of available for sale securities; not part of net income but is included in the broader concept ...
financial reporting
Otros activos
otros activos - The category of a classified balance sheet for reporting assets that are not logically attached to one of the other specific sections
financial reporting
accounting fundamentals
Resultado de explotación
Operating profit/loss - The profit or loss a company makes, which reflects how a business is performing.
finance
accounting
Tasa de aplicación de costos indirectos
tasa de aplicación de costos indirectos - A rate used to apply manufacturing overhead to output; estimated factory overhead for a period divided by the estimate...
cost accounting
P
Acciones preferentes
acciones preferentes - A class of stock that generally benefits from a stipulated periodic dividend and priority in liquidation; but, usually lacking in upside ...
accounting
Actividad a nivel de producto
actividad a nivel de producto - Activities that relate to the number of products produced; independent of the number of units produced
accounting
Ajuste de período anterior
ajuste de período anterior - To correct errors from prior years; prior financial statements are retroactively changed to make them correct
financial reporting
Balance de comprobación posterior al cierre
balance de comprobación posterior al cierre - Reveals the balance of accounts after the closing process, and consists of balance sheet accounts only
financial reporting
Basado en principios
basado en principios - The idea that accounting standards should articulate broad-based principles rather than specific and detailed rules
accounting
Beneficiario
beneficiario - The party to whom a note is made payable
accounting
Beneficio
Beneficio - Calculated as revenue (income) minus expenses.
finance
accounting
Caja chica
caja chica - A fund established for making small payments that are impractical to pay by check; also known as imprest cash fund
accounting
Centro de beneficios
centro de beneficios - Business unit that has control over both costs and revenues and is therefore evaluated on the profit outcomes
cost accounting
Contabilidad pública
contabilidad pública - Accounting activities provided by a person to the general public, typically relating to audit, tax and similar services
taxation
auditing
Contabilización
contabilización - The process of transferring journal entry effects into the respective general ledger accounts
accounting
Costeo por procesos
costeo por procesos - Process costing is a method to allocate the total costs of production to homogenous units produced via a continuous process that usually i...
cost accounting
Costo del producto
costo del producto - Costs that attach to a product; the summation of direct materials, direct labor, and factory overhead
cost accounting
Costo primo
costo primo - Product costs that are direct in nature; direct materials and direct labor
cost accounting
Costos del período
costos del período - A cost not attributable to the acquisition or manufacture of inventory; expensed as incurred
cost accounting
Cuenta de pérdidas y ganancias
Profit and loss account - A financial statement that shows the income and outgoings of a company over a certain period of time showing the net profit or loss fo...
finance
accounting
Derecho de suscripción preferente
derecho de suscripción preferente - A right that may or may not be provided to shareholders enabling them with a first right of refusal to buy any additional sh...
accounting
Descuentos por compra
descuentos por compra - A cash discount available on purchases of merchandise on account; encourages prompt payment
accounting
EBIT
PBIT - Profit before interest and tax.
finance
accounting
Elasticidad precio de la demanda
Product elasticity of demand (PED) - The degree to which demand for products or services changes due to changes in price.
finance
accounting
Estados financieros pro forma
estados financieros pro forma - "As if" budgeted financial statements
financial reporting
financial planning
Gastos pagados por anticipado
gastos pagados por anticipado - Goods or services purchased in advance of their consumption
accounting
Inventario físico
inventario físico - The process of counting inventory actually on hand
accounting
Método de recuperación
método de recuperación - Easy method for evaluating capital projects; calculated by dividing the initial investment by the annual cash inflow
accounting
Métodos de costeo por procesos
métodos de costeo por procesos - A product costing method particularly well suited to situations where production occurs in a continuous process; costs are pool...
cost accounting
Pago anticipado
Pago anticipado - An amount paid for in advance for and benefit to the business, such as insurance premiums or rent in advance. Initially recognised as an asset...
finance
accounting
Patente
Patente - An official legal document stating that a company has the sole right to make, use, or sell a particular invention.
finance
accounting
PAYE (Pay As You Earn)
PAYE - Stands for Pay As You Earn. A method of collecting income tax on behalf of the Government by taking it directly from your employees' wages.
finance
accounting
PCAOB
PCAOB - Public Company Accounting Oversight Board -- a private-sector, non-profit corporation charged with overseeing the auditors of public companies
auditing
Plan de pensiones
plan de pensiones - A general term to describe some form of arrangement for continuing payments to retirees
accounting
Presupuesto de producción
presupuesto de producción - A budget that details planned levels of production; takes into account sales and inventory build/decline
cost accounting
financial planning
Prima de emisión
prima de emisión - The amount by which a stock's issue price exceeds its par value; also referred to as "additional paid-in capital"
accounting
Prima sobre bonos
prima sobre bonos - The difference between face value and issue price of a bond, where the issue price is more; causes the effective yield to be lower than th.....
accounting
Principal
principal - The basic stated amount of a note on which interest is usually calculated; generally relating to the amount borrowed
accounting
Propiedad, planta y equipo
propiedad, planta y equipo - Assets with long lives that will be used in an entity's production processes; land, buildings, and equipment
cost accounting
accounting fundamentals
Prospecto
prospecto - The documentation describing financial and business aspects of an initial public offering
financial reporting
Provisión
Provisión - A liability of uncertain timing or amount.
finance
accounting
Provisión para cuentas de cobro dudoso
Provision For Doubtful Debts - An estimate of the risk of not collecting full payment from credit customers, reported as a deduction from trade receivable (debt...
finance
accounting
Prueba de efectivo
prueba de efectivo - A detailed bank reconciliation that verifies not only beginning and end balances, but also validates deposits and withdrawals during the mo...
accounting
Relación precio-beneficio
relación precio-beneficio - The per share market value of a stock divided by its earnings per share
accounting
Sistema de inventario periódico
sistema de inventario periódico - An inventory system that utilizes a Purchases account and does not update inventory with each sale; inventory is updated by ph...
accounting
Sistema de inventario perpetuo
sistema de inventario perpetuo - A "real-time" inventory system that updates inventory records with each purchase and sale
accounting
Sociedad colectiva
sociedad colectiva - A non-corporation representing an association of two or more persons organized to carry out a business plan for a profit motive
accounting
Supuesto de periodicidad
supuesto de periodicidad - An accounting assumption that purports to divide a continuous business process into measurement intervals, such as months, quarters,....
accounting
Valor nominal
valor nominal - Par value is a technical provision establishing the “legal capital” of the firm and is frequently associated with common and preferred stock to ...
accounting
Valor nominal del bono
valor nominal del bono - The face or contract amount of a bond; the amount to be repaid at maturity along with any interest
accounting
Valor presente
valor presente - Also known as discounting; determines the current worth of cash to be received in the future
accounting
Q
Razón rápida
razón rápida - An extreme measure of liquidity, calculated by dividing quick assets (cash, short-term investments, and accounts receivable) by current liabili.....
accounting fundamentals
R
Ajuste retrospectivo
ajuste retrospectivo - Revision of the financial statements for prior periods to reflect the application of a current change in accounting method
financial reporting
Asiento de reversión
asiento de reversión - Optional accounting procedure which may prove useful in simplifying record keeping; a journal entry to "undo" an adjusting entry
accounting
Basado en reglas
basado en reglas - The idea that accounting standards must be very specific to provide adequate guidance and drive consistency in reporting
accounting
Bono registrado
bono registrado - A bond for which ownership records are maintained, and interest is paid to the registered owner
accounting
Centro de responsabilidad
centro de responsabilidad - The part of an organization under the control of a manager
accounting
Costo relevante
costo relevante - Items where future costs and revenues are expected to differ for the alternative decisions under consideration
cost accounting
Cuentas reales
cuentas reales - Asset, liability, and equity accounts; balances are carried forward from the end of one period into the beginning of the next period
accounting fundamentals
Ganancias retenidas
ganancias retenidas - The excess of a corporation's income over its dividends
financial reporting
Gasto corriente
gasto corriente - Not a capital expenditure; to be expensed as incurred
accounting
Inductor de recursos
inductor de recursos - The concept that activities create the need for resources which will be consumed in the production process
cost accounting
Ingreso residual
ingreso residual - An internal assessment technique that adjusts income for a presumed cost of capital (or other threshold rate of return); operating income -.....
financial reporting
cost accounting
+1
Ingresos
ingresos - Inflows and other benefits received in exchange for the providing of goods and services
accounting
Materias primas
materias primas - The components that will be used in manufacturing units that are not yet started -- also known as direct materials
accounting
Método de inventario al por menor
método de inventario al por menor - An inventory costing technique used by retailers that extrapolates inventory values by applying cost-to-retail percentages t...
cost accounting
Radio Frequency Identification
radio frequency identification - (RFID) Micro processes embedded in inventory that emit radio frequency signals that enable a computer to automatically track...
accounting
Rango relevante
rango relevante - The level of activity for which assumptions underlying CVP are expected to hold true
accounting
Reconocimiento de ingresos
reconocimiento de ingresos - The point at which revenue is recognized in the accounting records; ordinarily the point of sale
accounting
Recurso
recurso - The elements consumed by activities and cost objects
cost accounting
Reemplazo
reemplazo - A restoration of an asset, at least partially, to its original condition; such costs may be capitalized by reducing accumulated depreciation
cost accounting
accounting fundamentals
Reformulación
reformulación - The financial statements of prior periods are redone to reflect the correct amounts
financial reporting
Registro mercantil
Registrar Of Companies - An official authorised by the government to maintain a record of all annual reports and other documents issued by a company.
finance
accounting
Relevancia
relevancia - A fundamental quality of accounting such that information should be timely and bear on the decision-making process by possessing predictive or co.....
accounting
Remedición
remedición - Uses a variety of exchange rates to convert assets and liabilities of a foreign affiliate to the reporting currency; adjustment may impact op...
financial reporting
accounting fundamentals
Rentabilidad del capital empleado
Return on Capital Employed (ROCE) - This ratio is arguably the most vital for the control of performance in large, delegated, businesses. It is made up from the...
finance
accounting
Rentabilidad sobre activos
rentabilidad sobre activos - A ratio comparing income (net income plus interest) to the average total assets
financial reporting
accounting fundamentals
Rentabilidad sobre el patrimonio
rentabilidad sobre el patrimonio - A ratio comparing income (net income minus preferred dividends) to the average total equity
financial reporting
accounting fundamentals
Reservas
Reservas - The claim which owners have on the assets of a company because the company has created new wealth for them over the period since it began. Most commo...
finance
accounting
Retorno de la inversión
retorno de la inversión - ROI: A model consisting of a margin component (Operating Income/Sales) and turnover component (Sales/Average Assets); reduces to Opera...
financial reporting
accounting fundamentals
Retorno de la inversión (ROI)
Return on investment (ROI) - The earning power of an asset or activity measured as a ratio of the net income of the activity to the operational cost. ROI lets a...
finance
accounting
ROI (Retorno de la inversión)
ROI (Retorno de la inversión) - a financial metric that measures the profitability of an investment relative to its cost
finance
metrics
+2
Tasa de interés real
Real interest rate - The rate of interest minus the current rate of inflation.
finance
accounting
Valor residual
valor residual - Amount expected be realized at the end of an asset's service life; "salvage value"
accounting fundamentals
S
Acción
acción - Transferable units of ownership in a corporation
accounting
Accionistas
Accionistas - Owners of a limited liability company.
finance
accounting
Bono con fondo de amortización
bono con fondo de amortización - A bond issue that requires periodic setting aside of monies into a separate fund to provide for eventual repayment of the debt ...
accounting
Bono garantizado
bono garantizado - A bond that provides specific assets as collateral to help assure the payment stream
accounting fundamentals
Bono seriado
bono seriado - A bond issue that has multiple repayment dates, rather than the entire issue maturing at one fixed maturity date
accounting
Capital social
Capital social - Name given to the total amount of cash which the shareholders have contributed to the company.
finance
accounting
Certificado de acciones
Certificado de acciones - A document providing evidence of share ownership.
finance
accounting
Costo escalonado
costo escalonado - A cost function that is fixed over a range, and then increases by a measured step to a new level at the next higher increment of activity
cost accounting
Costo estándar
costo estándar - A measure of what costs should be incurred to achieve the observed output
cost accounting
Costo hundido
costo hundido - Historical amount expended on a project or object; not relevant to current decisions or future actions
accounting
Cuadro de mando integral
cuadro de mando integral - A system for evaluating elements that are important to the organization and under the control of an employee holding that position
accounting
Cuenta auxiliar
cuenta auxiliar - A subcomponent account record providing individual balance details; e.g., the record for one customer out of a group of customers compri...
accounting
Depreciación lineal
depreciación lineal - A simple depreciation method by which the depreciable base is spread uniformly over the service life
accounting
Descuentos en ventas
descuentos en ventas - A cash discount offered to customers to encourage prompt payment of invoices
accounting
Diagrama de dispersión
diagrama de dispersión - A simplistic mapping of observed data points, where a line is "visually" drawn to represent the estimated cost function
cost accounting
Dividendo en acciones
dividendo en acciones - A noncash corporate activity to provide shareholders with additional shares in proportion to existing ownership; makes for more shares o...
accounting fundamentals
División de acciones
división de acciones - A corporate action to increase the number of shares and reduce the par per share by a stipulated ratio (e.g., 2 for 1)
accounting
Documento fuente
documento fuente - A document evidencing a transaction or event and potentially providing for the initiation of a journal entry
accounting
Empresa unipersonal
empresa unipersonal - A non-corporation business owned by a sole individual
accounting
Empresario individual
Empresario individual - An individual owning and operating a business alone.
finance
accounting
Estado de flujos de efectivo
estado de flujos de efectivo - A financial statement that summarizes the cash flows relating to operating, investing, financing, and noncash investing/financing...
financial reporting
Estado de ganancias retenidas
estado de ganancias retenidas - A financial statement that discloses changes in retained earnings during a designated period of time; those changes usually ...
financial reporting
Estado de resultados de un solo paso
estado de resultados de un solo paso - A simple income statement with a section for all revenues and another for all expenses; there is no direct association be...
financial reporting
Gastos de venta y administración
SG&A - Selling, general, and administrative costs; the period costs of the business
cost accounting
Influencia significativa
influencia significativa - The ability to sway management and decision making of another entity, but generally not enough to assert absolute control
accounting
Interés simple
interés simple - Interest calculations that do not provide for periodic inclusion of accumulated interest into the base on which interest is calculated
accounting
Método de identificación específica
método de identificación específica - Inventory costing method where the actual cost of each unit of merchandise is tracked and used for accounting purposes
cost accounting
Método escalonado de asignación de costos
método escalonado de asignación de costos - An allocation process whereby some service department costs may be assigned to other service departments as part of ...
cost accounting
Método lineal
método lineal - A method for amortizing premiums and discounts on bonds; the premium or discount is spread uniformly over the life of the bond as an a...
accounting
Normas
normas - Benchmarks against which actual productive activity is compared
accounting
Partes interesadas
Partes interesadas - A general term devised to indicate all those who might have a legitimate interest in receiving financial information about a business becau...
finance
accounting
Pedido especial
pedido especial - A customer order that is outside of the normal pricing and terms
accounting
Préstamo garantizado
Préstamo garantizado - Loan where the lender has taken a special claim on particular assets or revenues of the company to give extra protection in the event of ...
finance
accounting
Presupuesto de gastos de venta y administración
SG&A budget - A budget that details anticipated selling, general, and administrative costs
cost accounting
financial planning
Presupuesto de ventas
presupuesto de ventas - A budget that details anticipated sales levels
financial planning
Presupuesto estático
presupuesto estático - A budget that does not anticipate alternative outcomes; estimated sales and expenses are fixed and establish the relevant benchmarks
financial planning
Prima de emisión
Prima de emisión - The price paid for shares in a company over and above their nominal value.
finance
accounting
PYME
SME - Small or Medium Sized Enterprises. A business is deemed an SME if it meets two of three criteria: it has a turnover of £25m or less, it employs fewer ...
finance
accounting
Sarbanes-Oxley Act
Sarbanes-Oxley Act - "SOX" -- Legislation that imposes stringent controls over reporting and auditing; created the Public Accounting Oversight Board
auditing
Securities and Exchange Commission
Securities and Exchange Commission - "SEC" -- regulatory body with which public companies must file and report
accounting
Segmento
segmento - A business unit for which separate financial information is evaluated by an operating decision maker who allocates resources and judges performance.....
financial reporting
Six Sigma
Six Sigma - A trademarked quality management system developed by Motorola; driven by pursuit of statistical results that reflect near perfection in productio...
cost accounting
Sostenibilidad
sostenibilidad - Development without depletion of natural resources or negative effects on the environment
accounting
Supuesto de moneda estable
supuesto de moneda estable - An accounting assumption that presumes the currency is not impacted over time by inflation
accounting
SUTA
SUTA - State Unemployment Tax levied on employer to provide funds for unemployed workers; rate is adjusted for employer history of layoffs, etc.
taxation
Valor
Valor - Typically required by lenders against a loan, such as premises or plant equipment.
finance
accounting
Valores
Valores - Government bonds, ordinary shares in companies, debentures, loans, preference shares, etc. are all collectively described as valores.
finance
accounting
Vida útil
vida útil - The period of time that a depreciable asset will be in use by an entity; the time interval over which the asset will be depreciated
accounting fundamentals
T
Acciones en tesorería
acciones en tesorería - Shares of a company's own stock that it has reacquired
accounting
Acreedores comerciales
Acreedores comerciales - Persons or businesses who supply goods or services to a business in the normal course of trade and allow a period of credit before paym...
finance
accounting
Activos fijos tangibles
Activos fijos tangibles - A fixed asset (also called a non-current asset) which has a physical existence. Used to differentiate it from an Intangible fixed asse...
finance
accounting
Balance de comprobación
balance de comprobación - A listing of account balances from the ledger, used to test the equality of debits and credits
accounting
Capital total aportado
capital total aportado - The sum of legal capital plus paid-in capital in excess of par
accounting
Conversión
conversión - Uses prevailing exchange rates to convert assets and liabilities of a foreign affiliate to the reporting currency; adjustment may impact other ...
financial reporting
accounting fundamentals
Costos fijos rastreables
costos fijos rastreables - Fixed costs that would not exist if the unit under evaluation ceased to exist
cost accounting
Cuenta en T
Cuenta en T - An abstract representation of an account, with the left side of the "T" representing debits and the right side credits
accounting
Cuentas por cobrar comerciales
cuentas por cobrar comerciales - Amounts due from customers from credits sales of products or services
accounting
Cuentas temporales
cuentas temporales - Accounts that will be reset to a zero balance with each new accounting period; revenue, expense, and dividend accounts (also called "nom......
accounting
Descuento comercial
descuento comercial - A reduction from list price that is not entered in the accounting records; customarily offered in "setting" the invoice amount
accounting
Deudores comerciales
Deudores comerciales - Persons or businesses who buy goods or services from a business in the normal course of trade are allowed a period of credit before payme...
finance
accounting
Gestión de calidad total
gestión de calidad total - (TQM) A process for continuous improvement by focusing on customer service and systematic problem solving via teams made up of fro......
accounting
Ingreso objetivo
ingreso objetivo - A level of income that is to be obtained; CVP projects activity levels necessary to achieve this benchmark
financial reporting
Oportunidad
oportunidad - An enhancing quality of accounting such that information is available in sufficient time to be capable of influence
accounting
Precios de transferencia
precios de transferencia - The system of setting prices at which goods are exchanged between affiliated units; usually involving cross-border transactions
accounting
Presupuesto impuesto de arriba hacia abajo
presupuesto impuesto de arriba hacia abajo - A budget approach where upper level management establishes parameters under which the budget is to be prepared
financial planning
Teoría de restricciones
teoría de restricciones - (TOC) Efficiency is improved by seeking out and eliminating constraints within the organization
accounting
Valor del dinero en el tiempo
valor del dinero en el tiempo - Conceptual notion holding that money to be received sooner is worth more than money to be received later
accounting
Valores negociables
valores negociables - Investments in debt acquired with the intent of generating profits by reselling the investment in the very near future; classified as cu.....
accounting fundamentals
Volumen de negocios
Volumen de negocios - The total sales of a business during a specified period.
finance
accounting
U
Actividad a nivel de unidad
actividad a nivel de unidad - Activities that relate to the number of units of output; each additional unit of production requires another activity
cost accounting
Comprensibilidad
comprensibilidad - An enhancing quality of accounting such that information is clear and concise to those with reasonable business knowledge
accounting
Costos indirectos subaplicados
costos indirectos subaplicados - Applied overhead is less than the actual amount; usually viewed as a unfavorable outcome, because more has spent than anticipat...
cost accounting
Depreciación por unidades de producción
depreciación por unidades de producción - A depreciation approach where the depreciable base is allocated to the expected total units of output; mileage, hours,...
accounting
Ingresos diferidos
ingresos diferidos - Revenue that has been collected in advance of providing goods and services to "earn it;" reported as a liability until earned
accounting fundamentals
V
Capital de riesgo
Venture capital - Capital invested into projects with long term growth potential but also higher risks, such as start-up businesses.
finance
accounting
Costeo variable
costeo variable - A costing method where inventory absorbs direct costs and variable factory overhead; the income statement identifies the contribution margin
financial reporting
cost accounting
Costo variable
costo variable - A per unit cost that is the same regardless of volume; total costo variable increases with volume increases
cost accounting
Costos variables
Variable costs - Costs that vary in some kind of proportion to throughput (production), e.g. materials. Each same product takes the same amount of material, so ...
finance
accounting
Variación de eficiencia de costos indirectos variables
variación de eficiencia de costos indirectos variables - A variance that reflects the level of efficiency associated with the application of variable overhead t...
cost accounting
Variación de gasto de costos indirectos variables
variación de gasto de costos indirectos variables - A variance that reflects the difference between actual variable overhead and standard variable overhead asso...
cost accounting
Variaciones
variaciones - Deviations from the norm that may provide warning signs of situations requiring corrective action by managers
accounting
Verificabilidad
verificabilidad - An enhancing quality of accounting such that different knowledgeable and independent observers reach similar conclusions
accounting
W
Capital de trabajo
capital de trabajo - The difference between current assets and current liabilities
accounting fundamentals
Costeo por procesos de promedio ponderado
costeo por procesos de promedio ponderado - A process costing technique where all units of production are assigned the same cost; determined by blending of curr...
cost accounting
Método de promedio ponderado
método de promedio ponderado - Under the periodic inventory system; inventory cost is based on the average cost of units purchased giving consideration ...
cost accounting
Pasivo por garantía
pasivo por garantía - A liability that is recorded for the future costs of claims that are anticipated because of product warranty agreements
cost accounting
accounting fundamentals
Productos en proceso
Work in progress - As its name implies, it is the value of the products on which work has been started but is not yet complete.
finance
accounting
Productos en proceso
productos en proceso - Goods that are in production but not yet complete; an accumulation of monies spent on direct material, direct labor, and applied manufact...
cost accounting
Seguro de compensación para trabajadores
seguro de compensación para trabajadores - Insurance paid by the employer to cover work related injuries sustained by employees
accounting
W-2
W-2 - An annual statement provided to employees stating the amount of earnings and withholdings; assists employee in preparing their own tax returns
financial reporting
taxation
W-4
W-4 - A form filled out by an employee stating the amount of exemptions to which they are entitled for tax purposes; such exemptions bear on the amount of in...
financial reporting
taxation
Z
Presupuesto base cero
presupuesto base cero - A budget approach where each expenditure item must be justified for each new budget period
financial planning